Thyroid cancer is a condition that occurs when thyroid cells become abnormal and form tumors, which can then spread to other parts of the body such as lymph nodes, lungs, bones, and brain. This type of cancer is more common in women than men and includes several different types, including papillary thyroid cancer, follicular thyroid cancer, medullary thyroid carcinoma, and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.
The treatment for thyroid cancer depends on the type of cancer, stage of the disease, and individual patient condition. Surgery is usually the main method of treatment for this type of cancer. Open surgery is preferred in most cases and involves making an incision in the neck to remove part or all of the thyroid gland. In addition to evaluating any lymph node involvement during surgery, doctors may also check for radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) to determine if this treatment would be effective.
For early-stage patients with smaller tumors and no lymph node metastasis, endoscopic surgery through the mouth may be an option instead of open surgery. After surgery, patients may need to take thyroid hormone replacement therapy if their entire gland was removed. In cases where there is high risk for recurrence or metastasis after surgery or RAIU testing shows low uptake levels, external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), chemotherapy or both may be recommended as extra treatments.
It’s crucial for individuals with any concerns about a neck lump to undergo a checkup and biopsy to determine if it’s cancerous and assess its stage. With advancements in surgical techniques and experienced doctors on hand
