The iron pillar standing tall in the Qutb Minar complex in New Delhi has been a source of wonder for centuries. Despite being exposed to harsh weather conditions and environmental factors, the pillar has remained unharmed for the past 1,600 years. Standing at an impressive height of 7.2 meters and weighing a hefty 6 tons, the pillar is located in the courtyard of the Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque in Mehrauli district.
Scientists have long been fascinated by the durability of the pillar, as structures made of iron typically rust over time when exposed to air or moisture. However, a team of experts at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) in Kanpur discovered that the pillar was primarily made from wrought iron with high levels of phosphorus and no sulfur or magnesium. This ancient method of construction, combined with a thin layer of misawite on its surface, has contributed to its longevity.
The pillar’s unique composition has made it a symbol of ancient Indian craftsmanship and metallurgy, showcasing the country’s ability to forge iron in ancient times. Despite its mysterious origins and missing statue of Garuda, the mount of Lord Vishnu, the iron pillar continues to be a source of fascination for archaeologists and scientists alike. In an effort to preserve this historic structure, the Archaeological Survey of India has built a moat around it to minimize human impact and ensure its continued protection.
