The Comet Geyser sample contains carbonate, indicating that water, carbon dioxide, and elements from rocks or sediments in the ancient Jezero crater once combined to form carbonate. This suggests that a reaction took place between these substances to create this mineral. Carbonate minerals found in Earth’s rock record are often used to reconstruct ancient climate conditions, such as temperature, precipitation, and aridity. Additionally, silica phases can be formed when water interacts with rocks or sediments. The composition and crystallinity of silica can inform about the intensity or duration of weathering, as well as the pressure and temperature conditions during its formation.
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